基于經(jīng)典扎根理論的虛擬企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略管理過程模型

摘要： 隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的基本趨勢日益網(wǎng)絡(luò)動態(tài)化、信息透明化、數(shù)據(jù)復(fù)雜化,使得傳統(tǒng)實體企業(yè)為了能更好地把握市場機遇、響應(yīng)消費者需求,紛紛對其組織模式進行變革,建立了具有彈性和靈活性的虛擬企業(yè)組織模式。由于虛擬企業(yè)的組織運行模式與傳統(tǒng)實體企業(yè)迥然不同,導(dǎo)致其戰(zhàn)略管理的范式、主體及具體過程也有所不同,而學(xué)術(shù)界尚缺乏運用規(guī)范的研究方法對虛擬企業(yè)如何進行戰(zhàn)略管理、戰(zhàn)略管理具體過程如何等問題進行的定性研究。因此,本文運用經(jīng)典扎根理論方法,選擇典型虛擬企業(yè)案例進行了深入情境的扎根研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),由于虛擬企業(yè)邊界的動態(tài)性和模糊性,其與傳統(tǒng)實體企業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略管理過程有很大不同,動態(tài)環(huán)境是不可忽視的重要要素。本文最終構(gòu)建了一個一般性的針對虛擬企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略管理過程的理論模型,并基于經(jīng)典扎根理論全面分析了虛擬企業(yè)的整個戰(zhàn)略管理過程,尤其是體現(xiàn)了其中盟主與盟員間的戰(zhàn)略互動關(guān)系。本文的研究對虛擬企業(yè)成功實施戰(zhàn)略管理提供了理論指導(dǎo),有助于虛擬企業(yè)提高戰(zhàn)略柔性和應(yīng)變能力,通過高效的戰(zhàn)略管理提升核心競爭力,確立和鞏固競爭優(yōu)勢。
As the economic development increasingly tends toward dynamic network,information transparency and data complexity,traditional enterprises have to change their organizational pattern to grasp market opportunities and respond effectively to consumer demand and many of them have set up a virtual enterprise organization model with higher elasticity and flexibility. As a new organizational form,the virtual enterprises' organizational structure and operational mechanism are different from traditional ones,so the strategic management paradigm,subject and process are also different,but the current academic community does little qualitative research by normative methods to explain how the virtual enterprises conduct strategic management and what its process is. In this paper,we use classical grounded theory and selected typical virtual enterprise cases to do a grounded research. We find that the virtual enterprises' strategic process is quite different from traditional enterprises because of the dynamic and fuzziness characters of virtual enterprises' boundary,the dynamic environment is an important factor which cannot be neglected. Eventually,this paper constructs a general theoretical model of virtual enterprise strategic management process,comprehensively describes the whole process of virtual enterprise strategy management and especially reflects the strategic interaction between the leader and members of the alliance. This research provides a theoretical guidance to virtual enterprises' successful strategy implementation. It is useful for virtual corporations to promote their strategic flexibility and adaptability,improve their competitive capability,and establish and enhance competitive advantage by efficient strategy management.