知識密集型服務(wù)業(yè)視角下外商直接投資“外溢”的作用機制研究

摘要： FDI對中國本土制造業(yè)的外溢效應(yīng)是中國利用外資的重要理論與政策問題,已有研究較多集中于FDI外溢效應(yīng)如何受來源方和接受方自身特征的影響。在開放經(jīng)濟升級的新形勢下,高質(zhì)量的營商環(huán)境離不開現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)市場的發(fā)育,知識密集度較高的生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī)模和專業(yè)化分工深度對于促進(jìn)中國對外開放條件下的產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新具有重要支撐作用。文章將知識密集型服務(wù)業(yè)作為中介因素,分析其FDI技術(shù)溢出對中國本土創(chuàng)新效應(yīng)帶來的影響。知識密集型服務(wù)業(yè)作為提供技術(shù)開發(fā)、交易和創(chuàng)新成果轉(zhuǎn)化功能的現(xiàn)代服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè),在中國高度外向的開放型產(chǎn)業(yè)價值鏈內(nèi),對價值鏈構(gòu)成起到促進(jìn)技術(shù)流動和轉(zhuǎn)化以及促使人力資源流動便利化的作用。文章將知識密集型服務(wù)業(yè)的這一"媒質(zhì)"作用分解為市場網(wǎng)絡(luò)機制、創(chuàng)新成果流通機制和人力資本流動服務(wù)機制,通過實證方法對影響作了檢驗。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),知識密集型服務(wù)業(yè)對本土制造業(yè)吸收外資研發(fā)外溢的積極效應(yīng)有正向影響,相關(guān)結(jié)論對于中國下一階段制定利用高質(zhì)量外資導(dǎo)向的促進(jìn)政策有重要啟示作用。
Referring to FDI spillover theory and open innovation system under perspective of KIBS development,this paper explores that how local KIBS development in China does matter in facilitating tech linkage and spillover effect from FDI to local industry innovation networks. Using panel data model,the paper addresses three subtype mechanisms within the facilitating process of spillover effect,which is decomposed into market networking mechanism,innovation intermediating mechanism and the human resource mobility mechanism. The empirical study reports robust evidence to market networking mechanism and innovation intermediating mechanism. The conclusion figures out the overall significance of local KIBS development in playing the role of market support for transformation spillover effect to local industry innovation output,which bears policy implication to encouraging market access and input on KIBs industries.