超大城市生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分工及其效應(yīng)分析——以北京為例

摘要： 為探究超大城市生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分工機(jī)理及效應(yīng),基于2006～2015年北京各區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)和地區(qū)相對專業(yè)化指數(shù)等方法分析北京生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分工特征,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),北京生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)呈現(xiàn)從中心到外圍專業(yè)化程度提升、多樣化程度下降的趨勢,且動(dòng)態(tài)來看,專業(yè)化水平都有所提升,空間分工趨勢愈加明顯;高級生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)集聚在多樣化地區(qū),交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)分散在專業(yè)化地區(qū),房地產(chǎn)服務(wù)業(yè)是多數(shù)地區(qū)的專業(yè)化產(chǎn)業(yè)?？臻g面板計(jì)量模型檢驗(yàn)表明,北京各區(qū)之間生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間溢出效應(yīng)明顯,聯(lián)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展水平較高;生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)各細(xì)分產(chǎn)業(yè)的空間分工效應(yīng)與產(chǎn)業(yè)特性高度相關(guān),交通服務(wù)業(yè)呈現(xiàn)負(fù)向空間溢出,金融、科技、信息、房地產(chǎn)等服務(wù)業(yè)存在正向溢出,而商務(wù)服務(wù)業(yè)溢出效應(yīng)不顯著。
Spatial division of producer services and its effects play important roles in spatial organization and economic growth, especially in megacities. As the main space for division in producer services at the urban level, megacities have developed specialized and diversified areas driven by factors such as cost and market. In order to measure the rationality of the spatial division, the effects of spatial spillover can be used as an efficient approach, and industrial heterogeneity significantly affects this kind of spatial division and its spillover. Based on the mechanism of spatial division of producer services, the paper utilized the panel data of producer services from 2006 to 2015 in Beijing and Krugman Specialization Index to analyze the characteristics of producer service. The results suggest that industrial division between core and peripheral was remarkable. It is also found that the specialization increased and diversity declined from center to periphery area, with the trend of which was strengthened from the dynamic perspective. It is further found that high-order producer services agglomerated in diversification areas, transportation services dispersed in specialized areas, and most districts specialized on the real estate industry. Moreover, spatial econometric models were used to estimate the spatial spillover effect of producer services. The significant spatial division indicates that the linkage and coordination of producer services among different districts in Beijing were high. Finally, it seems that the effect of spatial division of different producer services was highly related to their industrial characteristics, with negative spillover effects of transportation, positive effects of finance, technology, information and real estate industries but insignificant effects of the commercial service industry.