基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)的住宿業(yè)競爭力及其空間格局——以武漢主城區(qū)高端酒店為例

摘要： 隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展,利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)來研究城市實(shí)體空間問題成為城市地理學(xué)研究內(nèi)容和研究方法的新切入點(diǎn)。本文基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)消費(fèi)平臺點(diǎn)評數(shù)據(jù)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)地圖實(shí)時(shí)交通數(shù)據(jù)和城市興趣點(diǎn)等數(shù)據(jù),在建立住宿業(yè)競爭力評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的基礎(chǔ)上,計(jì)算武漢主城區(qū)高端酒店競爭力得分和排名,并探求住宿業(yè)競爭力的空間分布特征和布局模式。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)武漢高端酒店競爭力得分總體較為集中。價(jià)格、人氣、周邊商業(yè)和商務(wù)服務(wù)是酒店之間競爭力差距的主要因素;(2)武漢高端酒店競爭力投射在空間上總體呈現(xiàn)點(diǎn)狀聚集與線形延伸并存的格局,競爭力高分酒店主要集中在二環(huán)線內(nèi)的武昌和漢口;(3)隨著酒店競爭力等級的下降,酒店空間格局呈現(xiàn)由城市中心向四周遞減的圈層式發(fā)展規(guī)律,高等級酒店大多出現(xiàn)在新興商業(yè)區(qū);(4)本文歸納了武漢主城區(qū)高端酒店競爭力空間分布模型,得出中央活動(dòng)區(qū)新興商圈頂級高端酒店、中央活動(dòng)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)商圈中級高端酒店、交通門戶周邊中級高端酒店等7種住宿業(yè)空間格局類型。
The rapid development of the Internet provides a new breakthrough point for urban geography research by using Internet data and technology to study urban physical space problems.Based on customer reviews and comments of online-to-offline(O2O)platform,real-time traffic data,and points of interest(POI)data of web-map,this study set up a competitiveness evaluation index system of high-end hotels and calculated the high-end hotel competitiveness and ranking of Wuhan urban area,then emphatically analyzed its spatial patterns using GIS tools.The results indicate that:(1)With most hotels in the middle and few in the top and bottom rankings,the competitiveness distribution line indicates a general concentrated structure.Price,popularity,business,and commerce services in the surroundings are the main factors that widen the competitiveness levels between hotels.(2)The overall spatial structure is featured by a mixture of point clustering and linear spread that basically concentrate in Wuchang and Hankou town areas within the second ring road.(3)As the competitiveness grades go down,hotels are more likely to locate toward the outskirt of the city,showing a circling spatial structure.(4)The spatial distribution model of Wuhan high-end hotels can be summarized as seven types of hotel spatial layout,such as super-high-end hotels located in the newly-developing business district in the central activity zone(CAZ),middle-leveled high-end hotels located in the traditional business district in the CAZ,and middle-leveled high-end hotels located around traffic gateways,and so on.